***THIS IS A WORK IN PROGRESS
Hello my fellow students, this is a continuation of our lesson on the weather. The last lesson taught you how to describe weather with words like sunny, cloudy. rainy, snowy, etc. This lesson will describe temperature. Starting with hot. There are a few ways to say hot.
If a person or an animal feels hot, then use the verb 덥다 (deop-da). and 덥다 is an irregular verb so I will conjugate it for you. I've included the past tense, present tense, and we haven't learned future tense on this channel yet but we will soon, so I will include it here.
You can see 3 different colors here (purple, blue, & dark blue) and the 3 colors represent the concept of casual, polite, and formal language... If you don't know what that is there's a video on it here.
Remember this word deop-da only refers to the feeling of being hot, so only use it for people or animals. For example: "I am hot."= "jeo-neun deo-wo-yo." or "My dog is hot." = "je gae-neun deo-wo-yo." You would never use deop-da when talking about a pizza for example because pizzas don't have feelings.
If an inanimate object like a pizza is hot we use the verb 뜨겁다 ddeu-geop-da. It can also describe animate living things, but ddeu-geop-da does not describe the way you feel, but rather the temperature you are. Feel free to use either ddeu-geop-da or deop-da when describing people/animals. But only use ddeu-geop-da when describing objects that don't have the ability to think or feel.
And wouldn't ya know it ddeu-geop-da this is also an irregular verb. So here it is conjugated for you.
and lets turn down the heat a little and talk about warm 따뜻하다 dda-ddeut-ha-da. and this one is not irregular we can conjugate it like normal. But don't try to memorize the conjugated forms. Instead, memorize the infinitive form and memorize the conjugation rules Its the best way. There is less to remember.
The next temperature vocabulary word is cool. To be cool is 시원하다 and this word can have other meanings. Primarily it means to feel cool and refreshing. It can, however be used in other ways that an English speaker would not usually describe as cool and refreshing. for example The feeling of eating spicy soup: shi-won-ha-da, and, the feeling of getting a massage shi won ha da. The feeling of getting into a relaxing hot bath shi won ha-da.. I think it is summed up as a refreshing feeling. to be refreshingly cool shi-won-ha-da
A word for when the temperature gets a little cooler than shi-won-ha-da is 선선하다 which can only describe weather. never say jeoneun seon-seon-hae-yo. only say nalsshineun seon-seon-hae-yo, it describes weather.
cooler still is 서늘하다.
When it is no longer just cool and it's down right chilly say sal-sal-ha-da.
When its actually cold use the word 춥다. Another irregular verb.추워요
Then when it is very cold here are the words you use. 차디차다 /냉랭하다/얼다
So there is your little thermometer of temperatures.
But what if you want to be exact? How can I say It is 15 degrees Celsius. In Korea they use the Celsius scale, hopefully you are familiar with Celsius. Anyway to say 15 degrees Celsius it is 섭씨 15도입니다
seop-sshi is the word for Celsius and do is the word for degree. The word for "is" is imnida if you're talking to a large group ye-yo if you are speaking politely and ya if you are speaking casually. If you aren't already familiar with the korean words for is head to that video in the description.
hot 덥다(더워요)person/animal feels hot/뜨겁다(irreg. 뜨거워요.)is hot
warm 따뜻하다
cool 시원하다/선선하다. The word '선선하다' is for weather only.
But, the word '시원하다' has various meaning.
1. when weather is cold.
2. when you eating hot or spicy soup.
3. when you eating cold or refreshing thing
3. when you get a massage.
chilly 쌀쌀하다
cool to cold: 시원하다 - 선선하다 - 서늘하다 - 쌀쌀하다 - 춥다
cold 춥다(irregular)추워요/차디차다 [(very) cold, icy, frosty, ice-cold]/냉랭하다/얼다
15 degrees Celsius 섭씨 15도
TO FEEL HOT (IN AN ANIMAL'S MIND) 덥다
TO BE HOT 뜨겁다
TO BE WARM 따뜻하다
TO BE REFRESHING/COOL (IN AN ANIMAL'S MIND) 시원하다
TO BE COOL (WEATHER) 선선하다
TO BE COOL 서늘하다
TO BE CHILLY 쌀쌀하다
TO BE COLD 춥다
TO BE VERY COLD 차디차다, 냉랭하다
TO BE FREEZING 얼다
DEGREES 도
CELSIUS 섭씨
Notice the word order here Celsius 15 degrees. The word for degrees (do) is a counter word. And counter words, you may recall, always go after the number.... If you don't know what counter words are don't worry too much but there is a vid in the description if you're curious.
Thanks for studying with me.
