WATCH THE LESSON https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oi-NP2v8vY
Hello, my fellow students. This is our second lesson on the future tense. As I said in the last video, there are multiple ways to make the future tense in Korean. Each of them has a slightly different translation. The last lesson was on the Probable Future. This one is on the Future Presumptive and what that means that it is a way of stating intent. What do you intend to do in the future? You can describe what you intend to do by conjugating your verb into the Future Presumptive.
So how do we do it? How do we say "I intend to verb"?
Well, first, start with a verb. Any verb will do. Lets use 하다 (ha-da) to do.
First thing, as usual, we cut off the 다(-da)
하 (ha)
then, we add the Future Presumptive ending which is very simply:
겠다 (get-da)
하겠다 (ha-get-da)
and that is the infinitive version of the presumptive future. "to intend to do"
And now we have the infinitive version of the presumptive future. "to intend to do"
But we don't talk in the infinitive form. we want to say "I Intend to do", not "I to intend to do".
So, we have to conjugate this verb now. And we do that by using the same endings as we use when we conjugate into the simple present.
Let's review those endings. 겠다(get-da) is an ㅓ(eo) verb so the casual ending is -어 the polite ending is-어요 and the verb root ends in a consonant so the formal ending is -습니다
so "intend to do"
is 하겠어, 하겠어요, 하겠습니다
So step 1. Cut off the -다 (-da)
step 2. Add a 겠다(get-da)
step 3. Conjugate the 겠다(get-da) using the simple present tense conjugation rules.
If you are not so comfortable with the simple present conjugation rules you could, Alternatively
cut off the -da and add the following endings is -겠어, -겠어요, -겠습니다
Chose which ever method you like. I think both these methods are equal in difficulty.
Now, here is something important about this verb tense: it is very limited in how it can be used to state future intent. Since it means "intend to____". You can only use it in the first person to say "I intend to ____" or "we intend to blank" or you can ask someone "do you intend to ____?" But! It doesn't work the same in the third person. You can't say "that person intends to ___" or "those people intend to ____". You can not truly truly know what other people intend to do unless you are some kind of psychic mind reader. So when you use future presumptive in the 3rd person the meaning changes significantly. What it translates to when you use it to make 3rd person sentences is "It looks like that person will _____." or "it seems like that person will ______." or "I think that person will ______."
And this sort of third person sentence makes more sense in certain situations than in others. When using the future presumptive to make 3rd person sentences you are best off using it to describe things which require some guess work. Like "It looks like that person will fall" Or "It looks like that soccer team will win" or "it looks like it will rain".
Typically, you use the third person future presumptive to describe something that is not certain. Either because it is in the hands of fate, or involves a judgement call, or an opinion, or a guess... at least to some degree. So that is something you need to think about when deciding whether future presumptive is the best way to say what you mean. You don't really want to use it to say something like. "그 사람들은 컵케잌을 만들겠어요." to mean "It looks like they will make cupcakes" for example. Making cupcakes is a deliberate act that doesn't leave a lot of room for uncertainty and fate. Even if you are in a situation where they haven't told you what they are doing and you just see the mixing bowl and the sugar and you make a guess it is still not totally appropriate to use presumptive future to describe this situation. It should be used in a situation with even less certainty, or where an opinion is expressed. This is not something I can describe in a clear cut and dry kind of a way. You learn with experience what form of future tense is most appropriate. You might even consider NOT using the future presumptive for 3rd person sentences AT ALL. Just to be on the safe side.
But none the less, lets sum up:
3rd person sentences mean:
That person seems like he will_____
He/She/It/They seem(s) like he/she/it/they will_____
He/She/It/They look like he/she/it/they will_____
I think he/she/it/they will ______
I guess he/she/it/they will ______
Where as 1st person sentences mean
I/we intend to_______
and 2nd person questions mean
Do you intend to ______
We'll learn more about asking questions in later videos.
But there is another way to use the Future Presumptive. And that is with adjectives. In addition to "intend to _verb_." you can use it with adjectives and that makes sentences that translate as "seems like it will be _(adjective)_." or "looks like it will be _(adjective)_"
FOR EXAMPLE: 맛있겠어요 "Looks delicious" or 재미있겠어요 "Looks interesting/fun".
I don't want to confuse you too much more, but sometimes even when you are speaking in the 1st person you can have the translation "it seems like I will _(verb)__" For example 저는 죽겠어요 (jeoneun juk-ge-sseo-yo) means "It seems like I will die" not "I intend to die." Korean is contextual like that.
WATCH THE LESSON https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oi-NP2v8vY
