So last lesson we learned about the type of "and" you use between 2 nouns. Now, we will learn about the type of "and" you use between two verbs (eg. Dad dances and laughs.) , and the type of "and" you use between two phrases . (eg. Dad dance. and dad laughs.) I don't know about you, but I've been taught never to put "And" at the beginning of a sentence. So, this type of "and" could also be translated as "Also". But, we will get to that later. First let's learn the type of "and" that goes between 2 verbs. The word you need to use is 고 (go). But to make our compound sentence properly we need to start of with the infinitive forms or dictionary forms of the verbs.
Remember learning about infinitive or dictionary forms of verbs? They're the ones that end in -da.
Here is our example "Dad dances and laughs."
We want to say "dance and" So we start with the infinitive form of dance 춤추다
Then we cut off the -da. Sounds familiar, right? and to the end of the root verb we add 고"go"
춤추고
Now we've made the word "dances and"
Dad 춤추고 laughs.
We can translate the rest of the sentence easily. Laughs is a regular eo verb 웃다
We can use these types of sentences with every verb tense. I am focusing on the casual, polite and formal version of the simple present. If you know other tenses and want to use them to make a sentence with an "and" in it FOR EXAMPLE "DAD DANCED AND LAUGHED" then the only verb that is different is the verb at the end. The verb with -go in it is used with any and every verb tense
아빠 춤추고 웃어.
아빠 춤추고 웃어요.
아빠 춤추고 웃업니다.
and top it off with subject markers if you like.
아빠는 춤추고 웃어.
아빠는 춤추고 웃어요.
아빠는 춤추고 웃업니다.
Now lets look at the "and" you use between phrases. That word is 그리고 (geu-ri-go). It can be translated as "and" or "also".
Here is an example
"Dad dances and dad laughs."
"Dad dances. Also, dad laughs."
Here is how you say it in Korean"
"Dad dances. 그리고 dad laughs."
and you just use the simple present tense of the verbs laugh and dance.
아빠 춤춰. 그리고 아빠 웃어.
아빠 춤춰요. 그리고 아빠 웃어요.
아빠 춤춥니다. 그리고 아빠 웃습니다.
No new conjugation rules needed. You can add subject markers in two places here if you want.
You can also use 그리고 to join two phrases that have different subjects. For example "Dad dances and I laugh."
아빠는 춤춰 그리고 나는 웃어.
아빠는 춤춰요 그리고 저는 웃어요.
아빠는 춤춥니다 그리고 저는 웃습니다.
This use of 그리고 geu-ri-go where you use 2 phrases with 2 different subjects sounds a little more natural. "Dad dances. Also, dad laughs" sounds a little weird no matter what the language. When you use geurigo with the past tense, or the continuous present it sounds a bit more natural. It also sounds more natural when there is a long pause between the first phrase and second. For example you say "dad dances" and then a few seconds later you remember he also laughs. so you say "geu-ri-go a-ppa u-seo-yo"
아빠 춤춰.... 그리고 아빠 웃어.
아빠 춤춰요.... 그리고 아빠 웃어요.
아빠 춤춥니다.... 그리고 아빠 웃습니다.
Here are a few example sentences to try translating yourself. Its a great way to re-enforce your vocabulary and here are some more example sentences that have objects in them. See if you can figure out for yourself how to make a compound sentence with an object in it. Just remember Korean word order is subject, object, verb. You can do it! check the answers below. annyeonghi gyeseyo, my fellow students. Thank you for studying with me.
ps These are only examples some of them sound a bit awkward. Such is the limit of the simple present tense. Also, if you didn't already know, Korean does not have a word for 'the' so you can omit it in your translations. or if you really want you can use the word for 'that' : 그'geu'.
WATCH THE LESSON : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZBjQ4Ue4cc&feature=youtu.be
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