Korean Adjectives Part 2

WATCH THE LESSON: https://youtu.be/fcdhEIH1ue4
This is the second lesson on adjectives. In the first adjectives lesson we learned that adjectives have the verb 'to be' built into them and can be conjugated just like verbs. For example:
"The bus is big."
버스 커/커요/큽니다
You just say bus then the verb for big conjugated into the simple present. But what do you do when you want to make a sentence like:
"The big bus arrives."
We need to conjugate our adjectives a different way. Let me show you how.
We start with the infinitive. Our adjectives in the infinitive form end in -da.
크다 & 작다
keu-da & jak-da
to be big & to be small
Step one- cut off the -da and what you're left with is called the verb root.
크  & 작
keu & jak
Step two add ㄴ to verb roots that end in vowels and add 은 to verb roots that end in consonants.
큰 & 작은
keu & ja-geun
big & small
Now you've got your adjective and it fits in the sentence exactly where you would expect, right in front of the noun its describing.
큰 버스 와요.
keun beo-seu wa-yo.
The big bus arrives.

and add a subject marker
큰 버스가 와요.
keun beo-seu-ga wa-yo.
The big bus arrives.

Now here is a special case:
When the adjective ends in 있다. you cut off the -da and add 는. not an 은, a full 는.
For example: to be delicious is 맛있다
If you want to say "I eat delicious pizza."
We cut if the -da of to be delicious
맛있
and add 는
맛있는
ma-sin-neun
and notice that this ending has consonant assimilation. Remember consonant assimilation? According to the rules when we have a t sound followed by an n the t sound turns into an n sound. So, it is not ma-sit-neun. It is ma-shin-neun.

Now we can use it in the sentence
저 맛있는 피자 먹어요
and add subject and object markers
저는 맛있는 피자를 먹어요
Check out that word order btw. subject adjective object verb.
You can also use use adjectives to describe the subject of the sentence. For example:
The big man eats delicious pizza
큰 남자 맛있는 피자 먹어요
and let's add subject and object markers
큰 남자는 맛있는 피자를 먹어요
Now our word order is adjective subject adjective object verb.
The adjective just goes in front of the thing it's describing. just like English.

Now you know a new way to use adjectives. Thanks for studying with me you guys annyeonghi gyesipsio

WATCH THE LESSON: https://youtu.be/fcdhEIH1ue4

Korean AND Part 2

WATCH THE LESSON : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZBjQ4Ue4cc&feature=youtu.be
So last lesson we learned about the type of "and" you use between 2 nouns. Now, we will learn about the type of "and" you use between two verbs (eg. Dad dances and laughs.) , and the type of "and" you use between two phrases . (eg. Dad dance. and dad laughs.) I don't know about you, but I've been taught never to put "And" at the beginning of a sentence. So, this type of "and" could also be translated as "Also". But, we will get to that later. First let's learn the type of "and" that goes between 2 verbs. The word you need to use is 고 (go).  But to make our compound sentence properly we need to start of with the infinitive forms or dictionary forms of the verbs.
Remember learning about infinitive or dictionary forms of verbs? They're the ones that end in -da.
Here is our example "Dad dances and laughs."
We want to say "dance and" So we start with the infinitive form of dance 춤추다
Then we cut off the -da. Sounds familiar, right? and to the end of the root verb we add 고"go"
춤추고
Now we've made the word "dances and"
Dad 춤추고 laughs.
We can translate the rest of the sentence easily. Laughs is a regular eo verb 웃다
We can use these types of sentences with every verb tense. I am focusing on the casual, polite and formal version of the simple present. If you know other tenses and want to use them to make a sentence with an "and" in it FOR EXAMPLE "DAD DANCED AND LAUGHED" then the only verb that is different is the verb at the end. The verb with -go in it is used with any and every verb tense 
아빠 춤추고 웃어.
아빠 춤추고 웃어요.
아빠 춤추고 웃업니다.
and top it off with subject markers if you like.
아빠는 춤추고 웃어.
아빠는 춤추고 웃어요.
아빠는 춤추고 웃업니다.

Now lets look at the "and" you use between phrases. That word is 그리고 (geu-ri-go). It can be translated as "and" or "also".
Here is an example
"Dad dances and dad laughs."
"Dad dances. Also, dad laughs."
 Here is how you say it in Korean"
"Dad dances. 그리고 dad laughs."
and you just use the simple present tense of the verbs laugh and dance.
아빠 춤춰. 그리고 아빠 웃어.
아빠 춤춰요. 그리고 아빠 웃어요.
아빠 춤춥니다. 그리고 아빠 웃습니다.
No new conjugation rules needed. You can add subject markers in two places here if you want.

You can also use 그리고 to join two phrases that have different subjects. For example "Dad dances and I laugh."
아빠는 춤춰 그리고 나는 웃어.
아빠는 춤춰요 그리고 저는 웃어요.
아빠는 춤춥니다 그리고 저는 웃습니다.
This use of 그리고 geu-ri-go where you use 2 phrases with 2 different subjects sounds a little more natural. "Dad dances. Also, dad laughs" sounds a little weird no matter what the language. When you use geurigo with the past tense, or the continuous present it sounds a bit more natural. It also sounds more natural when there is a long pause between the first phrase and second. For example you say "dad dances" and then a few seconds later you remember he also laughs. so you say "geu-ri-go a-ppa u-seo-yo"
아빠 춤춰.... 그리고 아빠 웃어.
아빠 춤춰요.... 그리고 아빠 웃어요.
아빠 춤춥니다.... 그리고 아빠 웃습니다.

Here are a few example sentences to try translating yourself. Its a great way to re-enforce your vocabulary and here are some more example sentences that have objects in them. See if you can figure out for yourself how to make a compound sentence with an object in it. Just remember Korean word order is subject, object, verb. You can do it! check the answers below. annyeonghi gyeseyo, my fellow students. Thank you for studying with me.

ps These are only examples some of them sound a bit awkward. Such is the limit of the simple present tense. Also, if you didn't already know, Korean does not have a word for 'the' so you can omit it in your translations. or if you really want you can use the word for 'that' : 그'geu'.

WATCH THE LESSON : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZBjQ4Ue4cc&feature=youtu.be

Korean AND and WITH part1

Lets learn the Korean word for "and"...
or should I say words for "and"?
You can use "and" between two nouns eg. Mom and dad dance
but you can also use it between two verbs, and that's a little different. eg. Dad dances and laughs.

In this video we will learn how to use "and" with nouns. and we will also learn Korean "with" because that ties in nicely.


Like many words in Korean "and" has a casual version and a polite/formal version.
Actually, there are 2 casual versions:
하고
and
랑 (previous word ends in a vowel) / 이랑(previous word ends in a consonant)

the rang/i-rang version is the extra casual version.

and you use both of these versions as suffixes
example: mom and dad
mom하고 dad
엄마하고 아빠

mom랑 dad
엄마랑 아빠

and here's an example where the word ends in a consonant
laptop and cellphone
노트북이랑 핸드폰



The polite/formal version...is not really all that formal but it's the most respectful one we've got and it is
와(when the previous word ends in a vowel) / 과(when the previous word ends in a consonant)
This one can be a little tricky to remember because here you have a noun that ends in a consonant and a suffix the begins in a consonant. This is different from a lot of the suffixes we've seen thus far so take care not to get your wa and gwa mixed up.
Our example "mom and dad" with the formal/polite version of "and" looks like this:
mom와 dad
엄마와 아빠
laptop and cellphone
노트북과 핸드폰
Try a couple of examples yourself:
how do you say
Romeo and Juliet
Will and Grace
Dolce and Gabana
Here's the answers. don't read 'em 'til you tried it yourself.

Now.... what if you have three or more things in a list?
In Korean you have to put "and" in between every word.
eg. mom and dad and little brother
엄마랑 아빠랑 남동생
엄마하고 아빠하고 남동생
엄마와 아빠와 남동생

Now let's make sentences.
If you're using mom AND dad as the subject of your sentence you put the subject marker at the end of the last noun in the list ONLY. So it looks like this:
mom랑 dad는 dance
엄마랑 아빠는 춤춰
mom하고 dad는 dance
엄마하고 아빠는 춤춰
mom와 dad는 dance
엄마와 아빠는 춤춰요
and we do the same thing if we are using other subject markers, too. (eun,i,ga)
I have a video on subject markers here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8i8ZlYpDIg&t=77s
If you don't know subject markers you can still understand the rest of the lesson without it.
Try an example yourself. How do you say:
Romeo and Juliet kiss.
here is the dictionary form of kiss: 키스하다 it's a regular hada verb.
로미오랑 줄리엩은 키스해
로미오하고 줄리엩은 키스해
로미오와 줄리엩은 키스해요

Now, you've seen the title...
We are supposed to learn the word 'with' as well.
But what if I told you that you already have learned the word with!
Because these words not only mean "and" but also "with"!
I never really realized just how easily interchangeable the words 'with' and 'and' actually are.
you can say burger and fries or burger with fries. Wear socks and sandals or wear socks with sandals.
버거하고 감자 튀김

양말하고 샌들
It's practically the same thing.


But, let's take a look at that sentence we made:
"mom and dad dance"
mom랑 dad는 dance
엄마랑 아빠는 춤춰
mom하고 dad는 dance
엄마하고 아빠는 춤춰
mom와 dad는 dance
엄마와 아빠는 춤춰요
If instead we wanted to say "mom dances with dad" we would need to make a few changes with our suffixes:
When we say "mom dances with dad" the subject is not mom AND dad. It is only mom. So mom gets the subject marker.
Mom는
Remember an important rule of Korean grammar is that the verb almost always goes at the end of the sentence.
Mom는 dad dances
and where does "with" go? It's a suffix! You attach it to the end of the thing that the subject is doing the verb with.
In the example mom is the subject, and dance is the verb. So what is mom dancing with? Dad! So dad gets the with attached to it.
Mom는 dad랑 dances.
and in Korean:
엄마는 아빠랑 춤춰
and, of course, we can make similar sentences with the other versions of with: ha-go and wa/gwa
엄마는 아빠하고 춤춰
엄마는 아빠와 춤춰요
and there's one more little thing we need to add to this sentence to make it correct in Korean and that is the word "together" 함께 and it fits right in between the with and the verb.
엄마는 아빠하고 함께 춤춰
LITERALLY:
Mom dad with together dance.
or
Mom dances together with dad.
It seems a little redundant in English, but in Korean including the word together is important.

You can think of dad as being the object of the sentence and then notice that we have the same Subject Object Verb word order that we've seen before in Korean. Or at least those who have watched my video on 3-word sentences have seen it before.
I try to make each of my videos self-contained, but the lessons do build on eachother a little bit.

Now your turn: How do you say Romeo kisses with Juliet.
here's your answer use the pause button, try not to cheat
로미오는 줄리엩이랑 함께 키스해
로미오는 줄리엩하고 함께 키스해
로미오는 줄리엩과 함께 키스해요
Ok, who woulda thought that one little 3 letter word in English would be so complicated in Korean. and we're not even done yet! The next video will teach you how to use "and" between two verbs. It's a different word entirely.
Here are a couple more examples if you want more practice using and/with. It's also a good way to build vocabulary and practice your conjugation.

I hope you join me in my next video, but for now annyeonghi gyesipsio and thanks for studying with me.

Religions in Korean

Country Names in Korean

The Verb TO BE in Korean

Watch the Lesson: https://youtu.be/sQawaRvL0yw

So, in the last videos I taught you all kinds of rules for conjugating verbs in Korean. And I mentioned that some verbs are irregular but we weren't going to learn them until much later. Well, it seems as though later has come sooner than I anticipated because now I want to teach you about one of the most important verbs in any language the verb "to be" or in it's present tense "am", "are", and "is".  Once I teach you this verb we will use it to introduce ourselves in Korean by telling people all the things that we "are". (Sounds good right?) Let's get started. The verb to be in Korean is 이다 and just temporarily forget everything you know about conjugating because this is 이다 in the present form
casual 이야
polite 이에요
formal 입니다
Ah! At least the formal form is still like normal.
Oh, but wait there's more...
If the previous word ends in a vowel you drop the 이 and in the case of the polite form you also add a "y" like this
casual 이야 (or 야 if the word ends in a vowel)
polite 이에요 (or 예요 if the word ends in a vowel)
formal 입니다 (or ㅂ니다 if the word ends in a vowel)
So, casually that would be "ya", in the polite form that would be "ye-yo", and formally that would be "m-ni-da".
And let me remind you each of these words mean "is" "am" and "are" the same word can mean all three. Koreans do not conjugate their verbs depending on 1st person, 2nd person, or 3rd person. Instead they conjugate based on how formal they want to be.
casual 이야 (or 야 if the word ends in a vowel)=is/am/are
polite 이에요 (or 에요 if the word ends in a vowel)=is/am/are
formal 입니다 (or ㅂ니다 if the word ends in a vowel)=is/am/are
So, let's start making some sentences. We want to be able to introduce ourselves in Korean using these kinds of sentences.
I am ___.
and for the blank we will fill in our name, gender, age, occupation, nationality, height, (weight), (religion)... oh those last two are a little bit TMI. Lets just see how this goes.
Let's do casual form first. Our basic sentence looks like this:

나는 ____ 이야   나는 ____ 야
and the polite form of the sentence
저는 ___이에요   저는 ___에요
and the formal form
저는 ___입니다    저는 ___ㅂ니다

Recall the word order in Korean is Subject, Object, Verb. The verb is at the end of the sentence. The subject has a subject marking particle and the object usually has an object marking particle, but when we use the verb "to be" we do not use an object marking particle because.... well the reason is complicated.
Take a good look at this page. Notice that there is no space between the object and the verb.
Now fill in the blank with an object like Your name! I will use one name that ends in a vowel and one that ends in a consonant
나는 Piglet 이야.    나는 Winnie The Pooh 야 .
Winnie The Pooh ends in a vowel so we dropped the 이.
Here is the polite form
저는 Piglet이에요    저는 Winnie The Pooh예요 
and here is the formal form
저는 Piglet입니다    저는 Winnie The Poohㅂ니다
Now let's say our gender. Female is 여자 and Male is 남자 yeo is always a feminine prefix and nam is a masculine prefix. Kinda cool how it's just like man spelled backwards. It makes it easy to remember.
both namja and yeoja end in vowels so lets get rid of that i
나는 여자야          나는 남자야
저는 여자에요    저는 남자예요 
저는 여잡니다    저는 남잡니다

Now let's say our age.
Did you see my lesson on Counters? when you say how many of something there is you need to use a counter. If we're using native Korean number the counter for age is sal, if we're using sino the counter for age is se. I'll use
5 years as an example.
나는 다섯 살이야                              나는 오 세야
저는 다섯 살이에요                           저는 오 세예요
저는 다섯 살입니다                          저는 오 셉니다
If you want to learn more about Counters and the two Korean Numbering Systems click their links in the description.
Let's say our occupation.
Here's a list of jobs that I used in another video if you do not see your job here then head over to an online translator.
https://koreantogether.blogspot.com/2017/04/chart-of-korean-job-titles.html

Here are two examples one ending in a vowel and one ending in a consonant.
나는 학생이야              나는 의사야
na-neun hak-saeng i-ya     na-neun u-i-sa-ya
저는 학생이에요     저는 의사예요
jeo-neun hak-saeng-i-ye-yo jeo-neun ui-sa-ye-yo
저는 학생입니다      저는 의삽니다
jeo-neun hak-saeng-im-ni-da  jeo-neun ui-sam-ni-da
Now let's say our nationality. To do that you say the name of the country and the word person(saram) after it.
Like this
나는 캐나다 사람이야
저는 캐나다 사람이에요   
저는 캐나다 사람입니다   
notice spaces between Canada and sa-ram but not between sa-ram and the verb.
Here's a list of some countries. If your country is not on this list use an online translator to translate the name of your country into Korean.
Canada 캐나다
USA 미국
Philippines 필리핀
Malaysia 말레이시아
India 인도
Nepal 네팔
Australia 호주
New Zealand 뉴질랜드
United Kingdom 영국
Ireland 아일랜드
Singapore 싱가폴
Indonesia 인도네시아
Germany  독일
Brazil 브라질
Taiwan 대만
Hong Kong 홍콩
Egypt 이집트
Saudi Arabia 사우디아라비아
And let's say our height this is another one that requires a counter. and that counter is centimetres!
나는 이백 센티미터야
na-neun i-baek sen-ti-mi-teo-ya
저는 이백 센티미터예요
jeo-neun i-baek sen-ti-mi-teo-ye-yo
저는 이백 센티미텁니다
jeo-neun i-baek sen-ti-mi-teom-ni-da
 
and for your weight use kilograms
나는 십 킬로그램이야
저는 십 킬로그램이에요
저는 십 킬로그램입니다
for our height and weight we always use the Sino-Korean numbering system.
and here is a list of some major world religions.
Christian 기독교
Jewish 유대교
Muslim 이술람교
Hindu 힌두교
Sik 시크교
Buddhist 불교
Shinto 신도
Confucist 유교
Taoist 도교
Atheist 무신론
More In The Video Linked In The Description. and he pronounces them too https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRfDiEb0ys0
just use these words to fill in the blank of our sentence.
나는 ____ 이야 /야
저는 ____이에요  / 예요 
저는 ____입니다 ㅂ니다   
Now I taught you how to say your introduction in casual polite and formal language. Which one should you use? It depends on who you are talking to. Usually, you will be introducing yourself to strangers so use the polite. BUT if you are introducing yourself to a large group or to an elderly person you should use the formal. And probably don't use the casual for introductions unless you are introducing yourself to a small child, you must be polite to strangers.
OKAY lets put this all into one paragraph
 나는 winnie the pooh 야.  나는 남자 야. 나는 다섯살 이야. na-neun hak-saeng i-ya. 나는 캐나다사람 이야. 나는 이백 센티미터 야.
저는 winnie the pooh예요.  저는 남자예요.    저는 다섯 살이에요.  저는 학생이에요.   저는 캐나다 사람이에요.    저는 이백 센티미터예요.


Remember me telling you that in Korean you can drop the pronouns after you have established your subject. Well this is the perfect opportunity to do exactly that. We will use the pronoun na/I in the first sentence and then we can drop it in each of the following sentences and the pronoun I is just implied.
나는 winnie the pooh 야. 남자 야. 다섯살 이야. hak-saeng i-ya. 캐나다사람 이야. 이백 센티미터 야.
저는 winnie the pooh예요.  남자예요.    다섯 살이에요.  학생이에요.    캐나다 사람이에요.    이백 센티미터예요.

There's your self-introduction. run along now and introduce yourself to some Koreans, Or introduce yourself in the comments of this video. Or you can introduce other people simply by replacing I with "this person" i sa-ram. i sa-ram batman-i-e-yo. nam-ja-ye-yo. se-meul-il-gop-sal-i-e-yo. su-peo hi-ro-ye-yo.
In fact, You can use any of the pronouns from my Korean pronouns video in place of Jeo.
No need to limit your self. take a look for any links in the description that interest you.
and since pronunciation is not my strongsuit I will end this video with a video of Korean pop group bts introducing themselves. Since they are speaking to a large audience they are using the formal form of the verb to be. So have a good listen to their pronunciation. and thanks for studying with me.
oh jin you make things so complicated. Lets listen to everyone introduce themselves again in slow motion and then, those of us who are interested can figure out what Jin is saying.
To understand Jin we we need to draw on information we learned over several different videos. the first word, all the boys said it annyeong ha seyo and we should all know that is Korean hello. the second part bangtan sonyeondan that's bts' full name kpoppers know that and then whats that character at the end? well its "ui" when you see ui at the end of a noun like that it indicates possession. Much like the 's in English. and what's interesting is that when this character is used like that it get gets a different pronunciation. It is pronounced "eh"
to recap Jin said annyeong ha seyo bts-e hello bts'
now what are these next two words? mat hyeong the first one we haven't learned it means eldest. The second one should be familiar from the "what to call people in Korean video" hyung! Hyung means big brother when you are male. and in Korea everyone calls their older friends big brother and big sister.
Now the very last part is just like what everyone else said Jin imnida means am Jin.

lets rearrange this sentence so that it makes sense in English.
Hello, I am bts' eldest big brother Jin.
Remember Korean uses implied pronouns. Jin didn't say I.  none of the boys said I or Jeo in Korean. They didn't have to. It was obvious from the context that they were talking about themselves. Let's practice saying jin's greeting in Korean. annyeong ha seyo bangtan so-nyeon-dan-e mat hyeong Jin imnida. let's listen to Jin one more time
 So i hope this has been fun and educational for you and one more time for all my fellow students who didn't get bored and watched all the way to the end thank you for studying with me.

Watch the Lesson: https://youtu.be/sQawaRvL0yw

Objects, Object Markers, and Three Word Sentences

Watch the Lesson: https://youtu.be/sQawaRvL0yw

Hey, this is another lesson on Korean grammar. I’m going to teach you to make three word sentences in this lesson. We’ve already learned about two word sentences that consist of a Subject and a Verb and a Subject Marker. Let’s use the sentence 'I ride' as an example.
Jeo-neun /je-ga ta-yo/ tam-ni-da
저는/ 저가 타요 /탑니다
Na-neon/ nae-ga ta

Without getting into too much review let’s recall that verbs have three different forms: casual, polite and formal. And subject markers have two different types: 는/은 (neun/eun) which puts emphasis on the action and 가/이 (ga/i) which puts emphasis on the subject.
But now, my fellow students, we will add another element to our sentences: an Object! An object is a noun that is acted upon. It is the thing in the sentence that is not doing the verb, but instead is having the verb done to it. In our example we said "I ride". Let’s add an object. "I ride the skateboard". Do we all see the difference between Objects and Subjects? The subject is doing the verb and the object is getting verbed. "I" is doing the riding and "the skateboard" is getting ridden.
Okay. In a typical English sentence we say our subject verb and object in the order:
Subject Verb Object
I ride the skateboard.
But in Korean the do it differently. They say
Subject Object Verb:
I the skateboard ride.
In Korean the verb almost ALWAYS comes at the end of the sentence. Even when we make longer more complicated sentences you will almost always find the verb at the end of the sentence.
 Let’s translate this into Korean. Let’s start with the casual form and the neun subject marker.
나는 스케이트보드 타
Na-neon seu-ke-i-teu-bo-deu ta
Check this out Korean does not have a word for “the” or a word for “a” so it’s literally translated as
I skateboard ride
Let’s do the polite form
저는 스케이트 보드 타요
Jeo-neon seu-ke-i-teu-bo-deu ta-yo
 And the formal form
저는 스케이트보드 탑니다
Jeo-neon seu-ke-i-teu bo-deu tam-ni-da

We could also use the 가 (ga) subject marker instead of the 는 (neun). And these 6 sentences are mighty fine. They make perfect sense. But you know what we could add to them???? An Object marker!

Object markers are a suffix that you attach to the end of the object of your sentence. They are 을 (eul) for objects that end in consonants and 를( reul) for objects that end in vowels. In our example we have an object that ends in a vowel so let’s add a 를(reul) object marker to all our sentences.
 casual form
나는 스케이트보드를 타
Na-neon seu-ke-i-teu-bo-deu-reul ta
 polite form
저는 스케이트 보드를 타요
Jeo-neon seu-ke-i-teu-bo-deu-reul  ta-yo
  formal form
저는 스케이트보드를 탑니다
Jeo-neon seu-ke-i-teu bo-deu-reul  tam-ni-da

Perfect. Look at all these beautiful un-ambiguous 3 word sentences. We know which word is the verb because the word at the end of the sentence is almost always the verb. We know which word is the object because it has an object marker, and we know which word is the subject because it has a subject marker, and what’s more is we know whether these sentences are emphasizing the action: "I ride the skateboard" or the subject: "I ride the skateboard." because they have a 는/은 (neun/eun) subject marker or a 가/이 (ga/i) subject marker.

So what did we learn today:
We learned what the object of a sentence is
We learned that the word order in Korean is Subject Object Verb. This is different from English
We learned that in a Korean sentence the verb almost always comes at the end
We learned that Korean does not have a word for “the” or “a”
And we learned that we have the option of adding an object marker (를/을) to the end of the object of the sentence in order to avoid confusion.
Check out the video if you like. 잘있어요! Thanks for studying with me.
Watch the Lesson: https://youtu.be/sQawaRvL0yw